Liveblogging Impeachment Day 1
It's impeachment day 1 thanks to Rep. Dennis Kucinich!
David Swanson is liveblogging with impeachment activists on Capitol Hill. Kagro X has a diary on Kos explaining how Kucinich and Robert Wexler pressured Pelosi into having hearings, who will testify, and why no one can call Bush a "liar." Ralph Lopez has a diary at Kos with Corporate Media links - tell them to cover today's impeachment hearing!
#2: 9 a.m. Pacifica starts live coverage. David will be a guest at 9:30.
9:40: Robert Parry, author of "Neck Deep" - Mainstream media (MSM) doesn't feel pressured by the left Media, as they do by the right. There is a difference between how the media responds to the conservatives and liberals.
9:43: John Conyers is 79 and has been in Congress since 1961.
9:46: Scott Horton and David Swanson on now.
9:47: David Swanson currently in line; has been in line for 3 hours, and is about to be let into the room.
9:48: David was asked if this is a victory. He said no, but it is a forceful statement on Bush's multiple crimes.
9:49: Jane Harmon will not be speaking. Prepared remarks by Bruce Fein available on www.afterdowningstreet.org/
9:50: Discussion about the need for increased "street heat" that is, activism by citizens to bring about accountability.
9:52: David was asked if it's too late to impeach. He replied absolutely not! This action is not about George Bush, but rather about upholding the rule of law in our nation.
9:55: Scott Horton: When impeachment hearings commence, blanket pardons are no longer possible, and this is one of the central arguments for impeachment.
9:56: Will today's hearings set the stage for the next step toward impeachment? Yes, if there is an outpouring of public support for impeachment.
9:58: In 1974, telegrams represented the public outcry; today, it is emails.
10:00: CSPAN is showing the hearing room and Rep. John Conyers greeting people. Gavelling in soon.
10:02: Motion and commotion as people come in and settle. Rep. Tammy Baldwin (D-WI) is present. Crowd cheers vigorously as Rep. Dennis Kucinich and his wife Elizabeth enter the hearing room. Three or four rounds of indecipherable chanting.
10:05: Panelists for Panel #1 are assembling.
10:09: You can watch the hearing webcast at http://www.c-span.org/ and read Articles of Impeachment Rep. Kucinich submitted in the "Featured Links" section.
10:16: The Committee appears to be settling in, paper shuffling has begun.
David Swanson reports that "They let a grand total of 17 members of the public into the room. A crowd of hundreds is in the hallway shouting "Shame! Shame!" despite being offered two large overflow rooms. The 17 of us include a bunch of people with IMPEACH shirts, after we won an argument in the hallway for the right to wear them -- led by Col. (retired) Ann Wright." At least half of those admitted are members of Vets for Peace.
10:19: Chairman Conyers calls hearing to order. He is reading a prepared statement about the legacy of this administration's excesses. Chairman Conyers states that there have been 45 hearings on related matters in this Congress. He points out that the Judiciary Committee took action against Harriett Miers and Josh Bolton, and expects to take action against Karl Rove.
10:27: Rep. Lamar Smith (R-TX) says nothing will come out of this hearing; there will be no impeachment. There is no evidence of any wrongdoing by the President. This hearing will only impeach Congress' credibility.
Rep. Smith reads a House Rule: "Rules do not permit the use of language that is personally offensive toward the President."
10:32: Rep. Robert Wexler begins opening statement. Openly calls for impeachment. This is not a partisan issue - it is an American issue. Rep. Wexler recommends studying the events surrounding the Nixon years.
10:35: Chairman Conyers reminded those in the hearing room that cheers, clapping and other similar actions are not permitted.
10:37: Rep. Steve King (R-IA-5) when Chairman Conyers mentioned "the power to remove" in his opening statement, Rep. King never thought that he would be present at a hearing where the removal of a president would be the subject. Rep. King will be releasing today the debriefing of Ambassador Joe Wilson after his return from Niger. Rep. King is asserting that Wilson's debriefing statement acknowledged that Niger had yellow cake uranium.
10:34: Rep. Zoe Lofgren (D-CA-16) exploring "Executive Power and Its Constitutional Limitations." Calls Bush the "worst president our country has every suffered."
10:37: Rep. Dan Lungren (R-CA-3) opening statement. He seems to be straining to speak. Calls hearing "Friday morning show trial." Questions the purpose of the hearing; perhaps it's "impeachment lite" leaving the press to print the charges without actually taking the steps.
10:51: Rep. Jerry Nadler (D-NY-8) reviewing the lists of possible offenses that are excesses of the Executive Branch. States this is not a waste of time.
10:53: Rep. Mike Pence (R-IN-6) again reflects that this is not a hearing on "impeachment." Does this take us down the road of criminalizing American politics? Rep. Pence sees no reason for impeachment. Bush not accused of treason or bribery, so that leaves high crimes and misdemeanors. Rep. Pence say Rep. Kucinich is "dead wrong." Calls Bush a "man of integrity." He has seen no evidence of a high crime or misdemeanor, and therefore there should be no serious consideration of impeachment of George W. Bush.
10:58: Rep. Sheila Jackson Lee (R-TX-18) opens by reading the preamble to the Constitution. Points out that Congress has responsibility to do fact-finding; she focuses on the issue of how the movement toward war evolved. She queried whether it was treasonous for Karl Rove not to appear as required by the Judiciary House Committee. Also questioned whether signing statements contravene the Constitution.
11:02: Rep. Trent Franks (R-AZ-2) criticizes past committee hearings that has made Americans less safe due to terrorism. Says the committee's hearings make the terrorists happy.
11:07: Rep. Steve Cohen (D-TN-9) Congressional newbie - 19 months. Administration is contemptuous of the Congress. Cohen describes how Monica Goodlin only would testify to executive branch wrongdoing by being granted immunity.
11:09: Rep. Hank Johnson (D-GA-4) Lawyer/judge
11:29: Rep. Dennis Kucinich (D-OH-10) begins his statement. War has killed 4,127 American military personnel. Rep. Kucinich asks to enter HR. 333, 1258, and 1345 into the record; Chairman Conyers agreed. Rep. Kucinich passionately describes the decision before us is to right a very great wrong.
11:36: Rep. Maurice Hinchey (D-NY-22) administration dominated by corruption and incompetence. Need to insure that future administrations work with the Congress. Rep. Hinchey outlines numerous references and warnings about AlQaeda's determination to attack the US. All of the circumstances surrounding the war need to be examined because of the damage that it has done. The situation now is one of the most difficult we have faced in history of our nation.
11:41: Rep. Brad Miller (D-NC-13) Democracy dies behind closed doors. It is the responsibility of Congress to keep communication open, both Democratic and Republican. Quoting James Madison about the founders of our republic.
11:52: Walter Jones
12:00: 2nd Panel Being Seated. Panelists are:
- The Honorable Elizabeth Holtzman, Former Representative from New York
- The Honorable Bob Barr, Former Representative from Georgia, 2008 Libertarian Nominee for President
- The Honorable Ross C. “Rocky” Anderson, Founder and President, High Roads for Human Rights
- Stephen Presser, Raoul Berger Professor of Legal History, Northwestern University School of Law
- Bruce Fein, Associate Deputy Attorney General, 1981-82, Chairman, American Freedom Agenda
- Vincent Bugliosi, Author and former Los Angeles County Prosecutor
- Jeremy A. Rabkin, Professor of Law, George Mason University School of Law
- Elliott Adams, President of the Board, Veterans for Peace
- Frederick A. O. Schwarz, Jr., Senior Counsel, Brennan Center for Justice at NYU School of Law
Panel 2
Honorable Elizabeth Holtzman, Former Representative from New York: Outlined list of crimes, recommended an impeachment action.
Honorable Bob Barr, Former Representative from Georgia, 2008 Libertarian Nominee for President: Notes that the US Post Office is the most trusted governmental agency, and says that's a source of concern to all. Expresses hope that this will be the first of many inquiries into the checks and balances and the separation of powers. Quotes Supreme Court Justice Louis Brandeis: "The greatest dangers to liberty lurk in the insidious encroachment by men of zeal, well-meaning but without understanding." Administration's secrecy undermines the respect of the rule of law.
Honorable Ross C. “Rocky” Anderson, Founder and President, High Roads for Human Rights:
Stephen Presser, Raoul Berger Professor of Legal History, Northwestern University School of Law: Discussing standards for impeachment. Comparing and contrasting with Clinton. Says unitary executive theory and signing statements aren't impeachable.
Bruce Fein, Statement Associate Deputy Attorney General, 1981-82, Chairman, American Freedom Agenda: Close to executive despotism...rule of law is the nation's civic religion...claims of war power: every square inch of world is an active battlefield where Bush can use military force...we have the sword of Damocles over our heads...
Vincent Bugliosi, Author and former Los Angeles County Prosecutor: Charges that Bush is a murderer of our military personnel; would never make the charge if he didn't have evidence. Bush knew that Hussein was not an eminent threat. The unclassified report had that information deleted. The Bush Administration has gotten away with thousands upon thousands of murders. No comparison to Clinton; urges a CRIMINAL investigation. Crowd breaks out in loud applause. Chairman Conyers admonished the guests in the room not to react to the testimony.
Jeremy A. Rabkin, Professor of Law, George Mason University School of Law: Will try to add perspective to hearing. Doesn't want to look at "secondary charges." "Wartime presidents don't take great care of the Constitution." People want to kill us.
Frederick A. O. Schwarz, Jr., Senior Counsel, Brennan Center for Justice at NYU School of Law: Now we are less free, and less safe. This is given extremist Muslims powerful recruiting tools. World is doubting the moral basis of our war on terrorism. Recommends independent non-partisan, bi-partisan commission rather than impeachment. Thinks there's no time for a detailed investigation now. US must not adopt the techniques of our enemies.
Elliott Adams, President of the Board, Veterans for Peace: Ben Franklin asked "What have we here?" and Ben Franklin replied: "A republic, if you can keep it." Describes the works of Veterans for Peace. No question that members of this administration have committed crimes. The question is what we do about it? Torture is illegal and ruins the value of the intelligence gathered. When our founding fathers signed the Declaration of Independence they were not worried about political will or their political future. They were worried that were going to get hanged.
Follow-ups:
Bob Barr: The Constitutional clock is running down. Chooses constitutional inquiry over constitutional silence.
Ross C. “Rocky” Anderson: Characterizes aluminium tubes as fraud, leading to war
Stephen Presser: You won't find a lack of good faith.
Bruce Fein: Permanent war is inconsistent with freedom. Bush has taken more powers that George III.
Vincent Bugliosi: Consensual sex and lying about it is worse than murder. Bush spoke about 3 ways to provoke war; one included provoking Hussein by flying war planes into Iraqi territory.
(Audience outburst, person evicted from hearing room)
Frederick A. O. Schwarz, Jr.: The idea that the President can break the law and do it secretly is a very dangerous doctrine that must be exposed and squashed.
Elliott Adams: Promotes his soon to be written book.
Chairman Conyers accepts all paperwork for entry into the record.
Rep. Lamar Smith (R-TX): Feels that witnesses missed the point that this is not an impeachment hearing. Question to Presser: Was the Clinton impeachment about lying about sex? Answer: No. There is no misconduct from this administration that would rise to an impeachable offense.
Jeremy A. Rabkin, Professor of Law, George Mason University School of Law: Question from Rep. Smith to Prof. Rabkin: Is there something impeachable? Did the president get us into a war to enrich oil companies? If that were true, of course, impeachment would be suitable. Why are people so bitter? Something to do with is such a charge even plausible...I mean, you have to find it demented, really. You not only have to believe that the president is a Shakespearean villain, you have to believe that all through the White House there are people who will just say, "Well, I'll just cover it up."
Rep. Smith: If we accepted the definitions of impeachable offenses given today, would other presidents have committed impeachable offenses.
Rep. Nadler: If the President lied to Congress,
#1: 8 a.m. Dennis Kucinich kicks off the day on C-Span 1 while I make my first cup of coffee.
8:07: Q: On Iraq, was the Administration lying or honestly wrong? A: Either way it's impeachable after the deaths of over 4000 U.S. soldiers
8:09: A: My presentation will focus closely on what Congress was told about Iraq... on representations that were untrue at the time they were told to Congress. Now everyone knows Iraq had no WMD's, no ties to Al Qaeda.
8:10: Q: Only months left - why push impeachment? A: Setting precedent for future president. Disastrous consequences. Central purpose was to grab Iraq's oil - our troops are there to get $5/gal gasoline from our people. What's this all about?
8:11 Q (Auburndale Republican): I voted for Bush twice and I'm sorry about it. I thank you for impeachment.
8:12: Q: Are you in touch with the Speaker? A: She's busy; I talk to her staff and tell them everything I'm doing. Q: Why does she oppose impeachment? A: Ask her. She took it off the table in 2006. But she allowed this hearing which is good. This isn't about Pelosi but about Bush. She's done her best - other Members oppose impeachment.
8:15: Q: Read Phillippe Sands' book - Bush lied on purpose. A: I wrote a report in 2006 exposing lies. We want to trust our President. There has to be accountability - Founding Fathers only gave us impeachment.
8:16: Q (Random Lake WI): High crimes - I see every day. We've called 50 million children (abortion), Waco, Saddam paying terrorists. No attacks in US for 6 years because Bush went into Iraq. A: Iraq had nothing to do with 9/11. We went to war against innocent people.
8:18: Q (Essex CT): Bush says he got bad info but never said where he got it - who gave it? Doug Feith? Netanyahu and Sharon? After 9/11 FBI caught 5 dancing Israelis - said they were sent to "record the event." How did they know "the event"? A: Don't know about the latter, just the former. Senate Intelligence Committee report is damning to administration - they had plenty of info that the what they told Congress wasn't true.
8:21: Q: What do other Members say? Some voted for Iraq because they honestly believed Bush. There has been a steady reappraisal. Over 4,127 troops have died, tens of thousands injured, over a million innocent Iraqis, $3 trillion cost, oil prices going up - oil was a central reason why we went to Iraq - rising oil price, rising food price. Dimunition of civil liberties - all because a lie was told, that Iraq was an imminent offense. I can't think of a graver offense because of all the consequences.
8:23 Q (Anniston AL Republican): Should Democratic leadership be impeached too for stupidity? A: Congress does have responsibility - for war powers. But we never declared war. We only relied on what the President told Congress. When driving, accidental killing is manslaughter - a serious crime. If it was just a mistake, look at the gravity - 1 million dead people in Iraq. There must be accountability. You can't say "gee we made a mistake." They knew better and there must be consequences.
8:25 Q (Walton NY Democrat): What was Bush's motivation? Is there a money trail? A: Congress can't crack veil of secrecy over Cheney's meetings with oil companies - maps of Iraq - consensus that access to oil would be critical. Link between that meeting and military action later on. But just based on what's on the record we can impeach. Look at consequences - money for health care, jobs, environment, alternative energy - money's not there because money's going into war. Unless we find out the truth we'll never be free of the consequences.
8:27 Q: Cheney? A: I introduced H.Res.333 against Cheney because of his statements on nuclear weapons. I thought it would be better to remove him first. This is about accountability to history. Our Constitution is at risk. If our President is no longer accountable, we've set the stage for more wars, a government that's about empire - not the urgent problems at home.
8:29 Q (NYC Republican): I'm a former prosecutor. I blew the whistle on airport security in 1999. I made a big arrest for drug smuggling. I reported it and was threatened by my supervisor to keep my mouth shut. They wanted me to perjure. I was terminated and filed a lawsuit that has lasted 9 years. A: Call my office so I can investigate. Thank you for standing up.
8:31: This administration is getting ready to attack Iran and plunge us into a 4-front war. Very dangerous for America - for our troops in the field, for our economy. We can't sustain this - we have to look to our Constitution to rein this in. There has to be consequences for this President's insistence on passing the AUMF.
8:32 Q: Will War Powers Act be changed? A: Proposed changes would take more power from Congress. Founding Fathers were clear - power for warmaking given to Congress, not President. We need to strengthen Congress' role. This is very serious - we see consequences in Iraq.
- Bob Fertik's blog
- Login or register to post comments
- Send to friend










Republican Minority fails to find any ground to defend Bush-Chen
Am watching on C-Span.org right now, and certainly the vast majority of the panelists are in favor of impeachment (with two notable, and derisive, exceptions, explained below)
It's good to see the House Judiciary proceeding as it should, finally, on this matter. If the Democratically-controlled Congress loses its steam now, the Dems aren't fit to govern us.
Meanwhile, it was instructive to watch the Republican Minority fail to find any decent ground to defend Bush-Cheney, today. The Republican Minority couldn't find a leg to stand on, and their witnesses came across as either fascist or kooky (more below).
These panelists, meanwhile, were absolutely fabulous:
Bruce Fein, author of Constitutional Peril (forthcoming)
Bob Barr, former congressman, presently Libertarian candidate for U.S. President (deserves our vote more than Obama, who proved a traitor on FISA)
Walter Jones (R-NC)
Elizabeth Holtzman, former congresswoman, author of The Impeachment of George Bush
Brad Miller (D-NC)
Maurice Hinchey (D-NY)
Elliot Abrams, veteran and chairman of Vets for Peace
Rocky Andersen, former mayor of Salt Lake City
and of course,
Dennis Kucinich (D-OH)
I particularly liked Holtzman's emphasis that there is no remedy, no way to safeguard the U.S. Constitution and protect the American people from the tyranny of the U.S. executive branch, than to IMPEACH, IMPEACH WITHOUT DELAY.
Fein makes me a Constitutional fundamentalist. Our founders had predicted this very predicament, and explicitly foresaw the need for IMPEACHMENT of the President, in these circumstances.
Congress DECIDES what constitutes an impeachable offense, and there are is opportunity here to set a precedent reining in the overwrought ambitious of warmongering presidents and vice-presidents (as well as secretaries of defense, secretaries of state, or attorney generals, etc.)
IT IS EXTREMELY IMPORTANT IN MY MIND TO LIMIT THE IMPERIALIST TENDENCIES of the likes of Bush-Cheney-Rumsfeld-Rice-Ashcroft-Gonzalez-Mukasey.
IT IS EXTREMELY IMPORTANT TO RE-ASSERT THE POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY that defines limits on the executive branch, by impeaching, and then indicting and prosecuting, when the time is ripe, the whole coterie of executive-branch officials and administrators, starting with Bush and Cheney, before they abscond to their hideaway in the mountains of Paraguay.
Meanwhile, I found the witnesses called by the Republican minority to be either dangerous or laugable.
Steven Presser, law professor at Northwester University -- fascist, pure and simple. He would have been happy defending Goering, at the Nuremberg trials; the Goering who eventually was hanged for crimes against peace. Presser spoke unremitting evil from his mouth, every time he was given the occasion.
George Rabkin, law professor at George Mason University, muddle-headed woolly-thinking witness. His entire defense was to claim for Bush a defense (not in law, either) that his misdeeds are permissible in a time of war (the presumed open-ended so-called 'war on terror' being the purported war in question).
So simple to refute: U.S. Congress has the right to declare war; U.S. Congress never did declare a war; if it is NOT wartime, then Rabkin's line of thinking doesn't have any validity, and in point of fact, the U.S. president has betrayed both Congress and the U.S. Constitution. Without impeachment, the president and vice-president's war-making will remain unchecked and unbalanced.
Unimpressive were the following:
Fred A.I. Schwarz, New York Univ, Brennan Center for Justice -- he conceded that impeachment should have already been done, and yet, despite the clamor for justice and his role supposedly working for justice, he trotted out the 'too late' argument.
If it's really too late, viz. because of the tarrying of Pelosi and the wavering of Conyers, then they, and the other members of the Judiciary Committee obstructing impeachment so far in this session of Congress, have failed to protect us from domestic enemies of the Constitution, they have failed to protect us from zealots like the neo-cons keen on war, and failed to protect us from the neo-absolutist imperialist view of the presidency pursued illegally by Cheney. It's not too late, if the Judiciary Committee would simply proceed with all due diligence in the defense of the U.S. Constitution, investigating abuses of power that seem to be incontrovertibly proven already.
And also unimpressive among the Majority members were:
Mel Watt (D-NC) - a stinker, for waffling through his alloted time. North Carolina should be embarrassed.
Zoe Lofgren (D-CA16) - does not seem to understand that Bush-Cheney provoked the confrontation in Iraq
And among the Minority:
Gohmert (R- ) - ignorant, through and through. I despair that Constitutional issues are in the hands of the likes of Gohmert.
Meanwhile, impressive among the Majority were:
Tammy Baldwin (D-WI)
and
Robert Wexler (D-FL)
IMPEACH, IMPEACH WITHOUT DELAY. YOU HAVE SEVEN DAYS. THE CONSTITUTIONAL CLOCK IS RUNNING.
(crossposted from http://impeachok1.org/SMF/index.php?topic=9255.msg11184#msg11184 where I first posted it)
thanks LD!
i think you summed it up brilliantly :)
What now?
I've been scouring the Net for news of what happened, but have found nothing. Sounds like it went reasonably well, but how did it end? WHAT NOW?
Wexler is pushing the Democrats
Wexler testimony here:
http://www.crooksandliars.com/2008/07/25/congressional-hearing-on-bush-a...
And he just sent out this email:
Enough Delay: Hold Impeachment Hearings Now!
Today, in the Judiciary Committee, we held a full day of hearings that focused entirely on the crimes of George W. Bush and Dick Cheney, and featured testimony by Rep. Dennis Kucinich regarding his Articles of Impeachment against President Bush.
This is a great start – but I am far from satisfied. Following statements by Chairman John Conyers and the Ranking Republicans, I opened with a forceful call for genuine and immediate Impeachment Hearings for President Bush and Vice President Cheney.
The crimes of this Administration must be revealed and Bush and Cheney must be held accountable. Without Impeachment Hearings, we cannot break through the blatant and unprecedented efforts by President Bush to shut down legitimate oversight by this Congress.
As you know, President Bush has inappropriately and repeatedly invoked Executive Privilege to keep Karl Rove, Harriet Miers, Josh Bolten, and other White House officials from complying with legal, Congressional Subpoenas.
I believe the only appropriate remedy is to hold Impeachment Hearings.
While Inherent Contempt might dislodge some testimony or at least guarantee the appearance of witnesses, the larger concern is the President's outrageous abuse of Executive Privilege.
We have been down this road before: in 1973, Articles of Impeachment were introduced against President Nixon after he illegally tried to use Executive Privilege to bury evidence of his wrongdoings.
I fully recognize the significance of holding Impeachment Hearings, and I have not come to this position lightly – but when the President of the United States takes actions that amount to high crimes, we are left with no other option than to seek his impeachment and removal from office.
Our government was founded upon a delicate balance of powers – whereby one branch carefully checks the other branches to prevent a dangerous consolidation of power. President Bush's actions have totally destroyed this careful balance. Without these checks and balances, the President could run roughshod over any law and turn us into a nation...
...where wars can be waged based on lies
...and laws can be rewritten without the input of Congress or the American people.
Congress must end this disturbing pattern of behavior, and in these circumstances, the only option left is impeachment.
This is not a partisan issue: Congress is a co-equal branch of government with the Executive, and it cannot allow this attack on our powers to go unanswered. To ignore these actions is tantamount to a willful concession of our rights as legislators. No Democrat, Republican, or Independent should allow Congress' powers to be so undermined.
Nor should Congress allow the calendar to determine whether we should ignore abuses of office. No President should be given immunity and free-reign just because there are only a few months left in their term.
Impeachment Hearings can be held very quickly – in a manner of weeks.
Although today we don't have the votes to impeach today – neither did the Judiciary Committee investigating President Nixon until AFTER hearings were held and the truth was revealed. We must put a halt to this historic Administrative power grab.
Congress has not lived up to its promises, and we can no longer credibly claim that impeachment would upset our agenda. Our agenda has not withstood presidential vetoes or senatorial filibusters. If we do nothing, this session will be remembered for our conceding the rightful and constitutional powers of Congress, and little more.
I am unbowed in my determination for Impeachment Hearings and I know you feel the same way.
Encourage your friends to stay updated and demonstrate their support by signing up at www.wexlerwantshearings.com.
As always, thank you for your kind emails, contributions, and encouragement.
Congressman Robert Wexler
Impeachment
This is the only avenue that "We the People" have left. If our Congress refuses this avenue to stop this Adminstration's dictatorship, these representatives will also be subscribers to the adminstrations disregard for our Constitution, and the people of the United States.
Thus far, our leadership in Congress has not shown any concern for what is right for America. They appear to agree with this adminstration's " Stay the course " Allow Corportat America to continue their course to ignore the people, and our Constitution, for their own personal betterment.
" We the People " are in deep sh_t. and its getting deeper. If something is not done QUICKLY, our Country may not be able to restore our history, our promises, our world respect, and our world leadership. This Adminstration, and Corporate America will not even attempt to help correct the status they have brought on all of us. We are not even on their radar screen anymore.
IMPEACHMENT is our last stand for "We the People." If we fail this time, we won't have any other options left.